These advanced steps are primarily for system administrators and others who are familiar with the command line. You don't need a bootable installer to upgrade macOS or reinstall macOS, but it can be useful when you want to install on multiple computers without downloading the installer each time.
Download macOS
Find the appropriate download link in the upgrade instructions for each macOS version:
macOS Catalina, macOS Mojave, ormacOS High Sierra
Installers for each of these macOS versions download directly to your Applications folder as an app named Install macOS Catalina, Install macOS Mojave, or Install macOS High Sierra. If the installer opens after downloading, quit it without continuing installation. Important: To get the correct installer, download from a Mac that is using macOS Sierra 10.12.5 or later, or El Capitan 10.11.6. Enterprise administrators, please download from Apple, not a locally hosted software-update server.
Installers for each of these macOS versions download directly to your Applications folder as an app named Install macOS Catalina, Install macOS Mojave, or Install macOS High Sierra. If the installer opens after downloading, quit it without continuing installation. Important: To get the correct installer, download from a Mac that is using macOS Sierra 10.12.5 or later, or El Capitan 10.11.6. Enterprise administrators, please download from Apple, not a locally hosted software-update server.
OS X El Capitan
El Capitan downloads as a disk image. On a Mac that is compatible with El Capitan, open the disk image and run the installer within, named InstallMacOSX.pkg. It installs an app named Install OS X El Capitan into your Applications folder. You will create the bootable installer from this app, not from the disk image or .pkg installer.
El Capitan downloads as a disk image. On a Mac that is compatible with El Capitan, open the disk image and run the installer within, named InstallMacOSX.pkg. It installs an app named Install OS X El Capitan into your Applications folder. You will create the bootable installer from this app, not from the disk image or .pkg installer.
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Use the 'createinstallmedia' command in Terminal
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- Connect the USB flash drive or other volume that you're using for the bootable installer. Make sure that it has at least 12GB of available storage and is formatted as Mac OS Extended.
- Open Terminal, which is in the Utilities folder of your Applications folder.
- Type or paste one of the following commands in Terminal. These assume that the installer is still in your Applications folder, and MyVolume is the name of the USB flash drive or other volume you're using. If it has a different name, replace
MyVolume
in these commands with the name of your volume.
Catalina:*
Mojave:*
High Sierra:*
El Capitan: - Press Return after typing the command.
- When prompted, type your administrator password and press Return again. Terminal doesn't show any characters as you type your password.
- When prompted, type
Y
to confirm that you want to erase the volume, then press Return. Terminal shows the progress as the bootable installer is created. - When Terminal says that it's done, the volume will have the same name as the installer you downloaded, such as Install macOS Catalina. You can now quit Terminal and eject the volume.
* If your Mac is using macOS Sierra or earlier, include the
--applicationpath
argument, similar to the way this argument is used in the command for El Capitan.Use the bootable installer
After creating the bootable installer, follow these steps to use it:
- Plug the bootable installer into a compatible Mac.
- Use Startup Manager or Startup Disk preferences to select the bootable installer as the startup disk, then start up from it. Your Mac will start up to macOS Recovery.
Learn about selecting a startup disk, including what to do if your Mac doesn't start up from it. - Choose your language, if prompted.
- A bootable installer doesn't download macOS from the Internet, but it does require the Internet to get information specific to your Mac model, such as firmware updates. If you need to connect to a Wi-Fi network, use the Wi-Fi menu in the menu bar.
- Select Install macOS (or Install OS X) from the Utilities window, then click Continue and follow the onscreen instructions.
Learn more
For more information about the
createinstallmedia
command and the arguments that you can use with it, make sure that the macOS installer is in your Applications folder, then enter this path in Terminal:Catalina:
Mojave:
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High Sierra:
El Capitan:
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What is GDB?
GDB, the GNU Project debugger, allows you to see what is going on`inside' another program while it executes -- or what another programwas doing at the moment it crashed.
GDB can do four main kinds of things (plus other things in supportof these) to help you catch bugs in the act:
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- Make your program stop on specified conditions.
- Examine what has happened, when your program has stopped.
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What Languages does GDB Support?
GDB supports the following languages (in alphabetical order):- Ada
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GDB version 9.2
Version 9.2 of GDB, the GNUDebugger, is now available for download. See the ANNOUNCEMENT for detailsincluding changes in this release.An errata list (PROBLEMS) and documentationare also available.
News
The GDB 10 branch (gdb-10-branch) has been created.To check out a copy of the branch use:
The latest version of GDB, version 9.2, is available for download.
This is a minor corrective release over GDB 9.1, fixing the followingissues:
- PR tui/25586 (Resizing the source/disassembly or command window produces corrupted display)
- PR gdb/25650 (GDB can't 'printf' a convenience variable holding an inferior address)
- PR build/25981 (Use of short i386 register names breaks compilation on recent Solaris 11.4)
- PR symtab/26003 (infinite loop loading symbols from separate debug objfile)
- PR build/26029 (GDB build failure on SPARC)
The latest version of GDB, version 9.1, is available for download.
This version of GDB includes the following changes and enhancements:
- Building GDB and GDBserver now requires GNU make >= 3.82.
- If you choose to build GDB without using the GNU readline version bundled with the GDB sources, building GDB new requires GNU readline >= 7.0.
- Removed targets and native configurations:
- GDB no longer supports debugging the Cell Broadband Engine;
- GDB no longer supports Solaris 10.
- New TI PRU Simulator (pru-*-elf).
- Python Enhancements:
- GDB can now be compiled with Python 3 on Windows;
- Various Python API enhancements;
- Usability enhancements:
- [experimental] Multithreaded symbol loading for higher performance (turned off by default, use 'maint set worker-threads unlimited' to turn this feature on);
- Command names can now use the '.' character;
- GDB can now place breakpoints on nested functions and subroutines in Fortran;
- GDB now shows the Ada task names at more places, e.g. in task switching messages.
- Styling enhancements to various commands to improve readability.
- GDB now has a standard infrastructure to support dash-style command options ('-OPT'). One benefit is that commands that use it can easily support completion of command line arguments. Try 'CMD -[TAB]' or 'help CMD' to find options supported by a command. Over time, we intend to migrate most commands to this infrastructure.
- Enhancements to existing commands:
- 'printf' and 'eval' can now print C-style and Ada-style strings without calling functions in the program;
- 'info sources' has been enhance to allow only printing files whose name match a REGEXP;
- New value 'presence' for the 'set print frame-arguments' setting, to only indicate the presence of arguments with '..' instead of printing the argument names and values;
- The 'focus', 'winheight', '+', '-', '>', '<' TUI commands are now case sensitive;
- New options support for the following commands that allow overriding a number of relevant global settings (as set by e.g. 'set print [..]' commands): 'print', 'compile print', 'backtrace', 'frame apply', 'tfaas', 'faas';
- 'info types' support for '-q' to disable printing of some header information;
- In settings, 'unlimited' can now be abbreviated with 'u'.
- New commands:
- 'define-prefix' to define user-defined prefix commands;
- '|' or 'pipe' to execute a command and send its output to a shell command.
- 'with' to run a given command with a setting temporarily changed to a given value;
- 'set may-call-functions' to control whether subprogram can be called from GDB;
- 'set print finish [on|off]' to control whether the returned value should be printed when using the 'finish' command;
- 'set print max-depth' to simplify the printing of deeply nested structures;
- 'set print raw-values [on|off]' to turn on and off pretty printers;
- 'set logging debugredirect [on|off]' to control whether to redirect debug output to the log file;
- Various new 'set style' commands;
- 'set print frame-info [..]' to control what information to print when printing a frame.
- 'set tui compact-source' to enable the 'compact' mode for the TUI source window;
- 'info modules [..]' to query information about Fortran modules;
- The 'set/show print raw-frame-arguments' commands replace the 'set/show print raw frame-arguments' (now with a dash instead of a space). The latter is now deprecated and may be removed in a future release.
- New GDB/MI commands
- '-complete' to list possible completions;
- '-catch-throw', '-catch-rethrow', and '-catch-catch', the GDB/MI equivalent of the 'catch throw', 'catch rethrow', and 'catch catch' commands (respectively);
- '-symbol-info-functions', '-symbol-info-types', and '-symbol-info-variables', the GDB/MI equivalent of the 'info functions', 'info types', and 'info variables' commands (respectively);
- '-symbol-info-modules', '-symbol-info-module-functions', and '-symbol-info-module-variables', the GDB/MI equivalent of 'info modules', 'info module functions' and 'info module variables'.
- Other MI changes
- The default version of the MI interpreter is now 3 (-i=mi3);
- The output of information about multi-location breakpoints (which is syntactically incorrect in MI 2) has changed in MI 3;
- Backtraces and frames include a new optional field 'addr_flags'.
- Several new builtin convenience variables
- $_gdb_major and $_gdb_minor;
- $_gdb_setting, $_gdb_setting_str, $_gdb_maint_setting and
- $_gdb_maint_setting_str
- $_cimag and $_creal
- $_shell_exitcode and $_shell_exitsignal
- Miscellaneous enhancements:
- Support for a new configure option '--with-system-gdbinit-dir', where system gdbinit files are to be loaded from at startup;
- 'thread-exited' event is now available in the annotations interface;
- The TUI SingleKey keymap is now named 'SingleKey' (requires GNU readline >= 8.0).
The GDB maintainers are looking for contributors interestedin reversible debugging.
Late breaking information, such as recently added features, can befound in the NEWS file in the gdb source tree. Old announcements are in thenews archive.Gdb Download And Install Mac Version
Please send FSF & GNU inquiries & questions to [email protected]. There are also other ways tocontact the FSF.
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Gdb Download And Install Mac Os
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Last modified 2020-09-12.